Description of the Uncinate Process: A Computed Tomography Cross-Sectional Study.

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Radiology
• Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

• The uncinate process (UP) is a critical anatomical landmark within the ostiomeatal complex and middle meatus.
• Understanding UP variations is essential for diagnosing and treating sinonasal pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify and categorize previously undocumented variations of the uncinate process (UP).
• To establish a standardized classification system for UP morphology using computed tomography (CT).

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 110 paranasal sinus CT scans (220 sides).
• Utilized axial images with multiplanar reformats for detailed anatomical assessment.
• Classified UP based on morphology, position, and presence of pneumatization.

Main Results:

• Identified UP Type 1 (84.5%), Type 2 (12.3%), and Type 3 (3.2%).
• Observed common UP positions: medialized (81.9%), vertical (16.3%), lateralized (0.9%), and absent (0.9%).
• Found 8.63% of UPs exhibited pneumatization, with no significant gender-based differences.

Conclusions:

• The study provides a novel classification for uncinate process variations.
• A standardized description enhances communication between radiologists and otorhinolaryngologists.
• This classification can serve as a valuable tool for surgical planning and medical training.