Patanwadi sheep wool profile: yield, morphology and physico-mechanical properties

The Patanwadi sheep breed, an indigenous species from Gujarat, India, is primarily reared for wool, mutton, and household milk production. Patanwadi wool attracts lower prices mainly because of its coarseness. However, complete wool profiling of Patanwadi sheep has remained unknown to date. This study comprehensively analyzes clean fiber (scouring) yield, morphology, elements, and physico-mechanical properties of Patanwadi wool. The physico-mechanical properties determined include fiber diameter, staple length, crimp per centimeter, color, bundle strength, elongation, and modulus. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals distinct fiber scale morphology, with sharper scales in male sheep wool compared to female counterparts. Additionally, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the presence of sulfur and trace levels of calcium within Patanwadi wool fibers. Results indicate a statistically significant effect (P < 0.05) of animal sex on the physico-mechanical parameters, including elongation, modulus, moisture content, and moisture regain. Given its coarse nature and high medullation, Patanwadi wool is less suited for fine apparel but holds promise as an insulation material and in other innovative coarse wool applications. This research broadens the utility of Patanwadi coarse wool for value-added practical end uses, ensuring sustainability and yielding better realization of the wool.