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[Degenerative aphasia].

G Assal, C Favre, F Regli

    Revue Neurologique
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This case study describes a woman who developed progressive aphasia, initially Broca's then global aphasia, potentially indicating early dementia. Preserved calculation and visual recognition suggest a specific neurodegenerative pattern.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Neurology
    • Linguistics

    Background:

    • Investigating the early clinical manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases.
    • Understanding the progression of aphasia and its relationship to cognitive decline.
    • Examining rare cases of language disorders with preserved non-linguistic functions.

    Observation:

    • A 59-year-old woman presented with progressive word-finding difficulties, evolving into Broca's aphasia and subsequently global aphasia.
    • Her primary expressive deficit was written language, characterized by agrammatism and semantic errors.
    • Preserved abilities included calculation, constructional praxis, visual recognition, and somatagnosia. Neurological examination revealed no motor or sensory deficits.

    Findings:

    • Computed tomography (CT) scans initially showed normal results, with later development of mild cortical atrophy, predominantly along the sylvian fissures and more pronounced on the left.

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  • The patient's language impairment progressed despite preserved calculation and praxis, suggesting a selective impact on language networks.
  • The case highlights a potential pattern of evolutive aphasia as an initial sign of dementia.

    • Implications:

    • This case suggests that progressive aphasia can be the earliest clinical manifestation of dementia, with other cognitive deficits emerging years later.
    • It underscores the importance of detailed neuropsychological assessment to differentiate primary progressive aphasia from other dementia subtypes.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific neurobiological mechanisms underlying this pattern of selective cognitive decline.