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Mouse Models of Cancer Study

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Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
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Updated: May 24, 2025

A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System

A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System

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Engineering Mice to Study Human Immunity.

Esen Sefik¹, Tianli Xiao^1,2, Michael Chiorazzi^1,3

¹Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; email: esen.sefik@yale.edu, richard.flavell@yale.edu.

Annual Review of Immunology

|February 28, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Humanized mice, carrying human immune systems, are vital for studying human immunity and diseases. Genetic engineering enhances their utility for modeling human conditions and testing cancer treatments.

Keywords:

cancer human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells human immunity human organ modeling humanized mice immunological diseases infectious diseases xenotransplantation

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Genetics
Transplantation Biology

Background:

Humanized mice integrate human hematopoietic and immune systems into immunocompromised hosts.
These models are essential for understanding human immune responses and diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore genetic modifications enhancing xeno-tolerance and human hematopoiesis.
To review applications in xenotransplantation, disease modeling, and preclinical drug testing.

Main Methods:

Genetic engineering of murine hosts for human cell engraftment.
Xenotransplantation of human tissues into humanized mice.
Integration of multi-omics and advanced techniques.

Main Results:

Humanized mice facilitate mechanistic studies of human immunology and diseases.
Models are used for investigating organ biology, pathogen responses, and cancer therapeutics.

Conclusions:

Genetic advancements in humanized mice significantly improve disease modeling and drug development.
Integrating multi-omics with these models is key to advancing human biological research.