Probing cancer with small-molecule tools-Progress and challenges

Susanne Müller1, Domenico Sanfelice2, Paul Workman2

  • 1Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org.

Cancer Cell
|February 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Chemical probes are essential small molecules for cancer research, aiding in understanding protein function and drug discovery. Further advancements are needed to ensure high-quality probes for all human proteins.

Area of Science:

  • Chemical biology
  • Cancer research
  • Drug discovery

Background:

  • Chemical probes are versatile small-molecule tools used in fundamental and translational cancer research.
  • They complement genetic technologies for protein function annotation and are crucial for target validation and drug discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review progress in chemical probe development over the last decade.
  • To identify key challenges and propose solutions for improving chemical probe selection and utilization.
  • To outline a strategy for creating high-quality chemical probes for all human proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of advancements in chemical probe development.
  • Analysis of current best practices and limitations in chemical probe usage.
  • Discussion of strategies for future chemical probe generation.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in chemical probe development over the past ten years.
  • Key issues hindering optimal use and selection of chemical probes have been identified.
  • A potential pathway for generating a high-quality chemical probe for every human protein has been proposed.

Conclusions:

  • Chemical probes remain indispensable tools in cancer research and drug discovery.
  • Improvements in selection and application are necessary to maximize their potential.
  • A concerted effort is required to develop comprehensive chemical probe resources for the human proteome.