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  3. Deciphering The Tripartite Interaction Of Urbanized Environment, Gut Microbiome And Cardio-metabolic Disease.
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  3. Deciphering The Tripartite Interaction Of Urbanized Environment, Gut Microbiome And Cardio-metabolic Disease.

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Deciphering the tripartite interaction of urbanized environment, gut microbiome and cardio-metabolic disease.

Avaneesh Shukla1, Chanchal Sharma1, Md Zubbair Malik2

  • 1Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Environmental Management
|March 1, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urbanization disrupts the gut microbiome, increasing cardio-metabolic disease (CMD) risk. Strategies targeting gut bacteria, like diet and probiotics, may prevent and treat CMD.

Keywords:
Cardio-metabolic diseaseDysbiosisGut microbiomeUrbanization

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Cardio-metabolic disease (CMD)
  • Urbanization impacts

Background:

  • Rapid urbanization drives population shifts, particularly in Asia and Africa.
  • Urban lifestyles (birth mode, diet, pollution) alter gut microbiome composition and function.
  • Gut dysbiosis, marked by altered bacteria ratios and reduced beneficial bacteria, is linked to increased CMD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of urbanization on gut microbiome-associated cardio-metabolic diseases.
  • To explore mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis to CMD pathogenesis.
  • To discuss microbiome-targeted interventions for CMD prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review on urbanization, gut microbiome, and CMD.
  • Analysis of studies detailing changes in gut microbial composition and function.
  • Examination of molecular and physiological pathways affected by dysbiosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Urbanization-induced gut dysbiosis alters the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio and reduces short-chain fatty acid producers.
    • Dysbiosis disrupts host-intestinal homeostasis, affecting immune response, gut barrier integrity, and metabolism.
    • Pro-inflammatory gut environment and metabolic endotoxemia are associated with increased CMD risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Urbanization significantly influences the gut microbiome, contributing to cardio-metabolic disease.
    • Targeting the gut microbiome through diet, lifestyle, probiotics, and prebiotics offers potential therapeutic strategies.
    • Integrating microbiome-based approaches into clinical practice could enhance CMD management.