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Updated: May 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Hollow-Fiber Membranes for Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids
Published on: August 9, 2024
Advancements in chain elongation technology: Transforming lactic acid into caproic acid for sustainable biochemical
Minyu Suo1, Lingxiu Liu1, Hongye Fan2
1Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
Abstract:
This review provides an insight into the chain-elongation technology for the production of caproic acid, a chemical widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, from lactic acid in waste organic matter. The evolution of the technology is traced, the reaction mechanism is elucidated, and the properties of key microbial agents capable of carrying out the chain-elongation technology are summarized and compared, including pure bacterial isolates and reactor-mixed microorganisms. Furthermore, the parameters that regulate caproic acid formation by influencing microbial activity, competitive pathways, product selection, and carbon flow distribution, such as pH, temperature, electron donor, electron acceptor, and hydrogen partial pressure, are highlighted and discussed. It is worth noting that various caproic acid product extraction technologies were also summarized and assessed. Finally, based on the perspective of interdisciplinary field, bold suggestions for the future research direction are put forward.
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