Interaction of 5G mid-band and mmWave electromagnetic fields with the murine fetus

Currently, fifth-generation (5G) systems are deploying in the mid-band (i.e., 3.5 GHz (GHz), with plans for standalone (SA) operation in the high-band (i.e., 26 GHz) soon. The literature reveals a lack of computational studies on flora and fauna. This study aims to address that gap and help validate experimental research on animal exposure to electromagnetic field (EMF). We aim to explore the radiofrequency (RF)-EMF absorbed by mouse fetuses through in silico analysis using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique. We utilize the commercial software XFdtd (Remcom) and conduct simulations at both 3.5 and 26 GHz. The investigation focuses on understanding the penetration depth to comprehend EMF absorption by the fetus. While the study indicates that RF-EMF absorption at 5G high-band frequencies is unlikely to pose significant risks to mouse uteruses and fetuses, there is a clear need for further investigation.