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Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Pathogenesis and Inflammatory Pathways.

James Pham1, John W Frew2

  • 1School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, Southwest Sydney Clinical Campus, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; Laboratory of Translational Cutaneous Medicine, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2010, Australia.

Dermatologic Clinics
|March 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) pathogenesis involves diverse factors like hormones, microbes, and genetics, impacting immune responses. Understanding these varied drivers aids personalized treatment and patient care for this inflammatory skin condition.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityB cellsCytokinesFibroblastsHidradenitis suppurativaInflammationPathogenesisTh17

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Immunology
  • Inflammatory Disease Pathogenesis

Background:

  • The exact causes of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are not fully understood.
  • Recent research shows HS involves multiple inflammatory pathways, including hormonal, metabolic, microbial, and genetic factors.
  • These factors influence immune cell behavior and lead to observable inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent clinical and translational research on HS pathogenesis.
  • To highlight the heterogeneity of factors contributing to HS inflammation.
  • To emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to HS management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of seminal clinical and translational investigations from the past decade.
  • Analysis of identified contributors to inflammatory pathways in HS.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding immune cell polarization and clinical inflammation.

Main Results:

  • HS pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial, with significant variability.
  • Hormonal, metabolic, microbial, and genetic factors play distinct roles.
  • These factors interact to influence immune responses and disease presentation.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the diverse drivers of HS is crucial for effective treatment.
  • A holistic approach incorporating comorbidities, biomarkers, and counseling is recommended.
  • Personalized therapeutic strategies based on clinicopathological profiles can improve patient outcomes.