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Conceptualising research environments using biological niche concepts.

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Summary

This study introduces a framework for understanding scientific practice through research niches, drawing from biological concepts. It highlights how these niches shape research dynamics, researcher agency, and scientific progress.

Keywords:
Cognitive nicheConceptual ecologyEpistemic nicheNersessian, NancyNiche constructionRouse, JosephScientific change

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Science
  • Scientific Practice
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Philosophers of science use biological niche concepts to understand scientific practice.
  • Existing theories include conceptual ecology, cognitive niche construction, and scientific niche construction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematize and extend niche-based theories of scientific practice.
  • To propose research niches as a conceptual tool for analyzing research environments.
  • To develop a framework for conceptualizing research niches.

Main Methods:

  • Systematization and extension of three niche-based theories.
  • Development of a six-point framework for research niches.
  • Analysis of agency, interdependencies, and historical dynamics in research.

Main Results:

  • Research niches are dynamic environments influenced by material, social, and conceptual factors.
  • Researcher agency and interactions shape research outputs within niches.
  • Niches exhibit multi-dimensionality, processes, agency, capability, relationality, and normativity.

Conclusions:

  • Research niches offer a valuable framework for understanding complex scientific environments.
  • This approach illuminates researcher agency and interdependencies.
  • The framework highlights the historical and dynamic nature of scientific practice.