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Phrase frequency does not modulate transposed-word effects in the visual and auditory modalities.

Sophie Dufour1, Jonathan Mirault2, Jonathan Grainger3

  • 1Laboratoire Parole et Langage, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Universite.

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Summary

Sentence frequency does not impact the transposed-word effect for ungrammatical sequences. This finding suggests sentence-level constraints do not modulate this specific linguistic phenomenon.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • The transposed-word effect, where word order is swapped, is a known phenomenon in language processing.
  • Top-down sentence-level constraints are hypothesized to influence this effect, particularly for ungrammatical sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether sentence-level constraints, specifically phrase frequency, influence the transposed-word effect.
  • To determine if higher frequency phrases lead to more difficulty (longer reaction times, higher error rates) in judging ungrammatical transposed-word sequences.

Main Methods:

  • Five experiments were conducted using a speeded grammatical decision task.
  • Participants judged the grammaticality of word sequences presented in auditory and visual modalities.
  • Phrase frequency was manipulated to assess its impact on processing ungrammatical transposed-word sequences.

Main Results:

  • Phrase frequency influenced grammatical decisions for grammatically correct phrases, with high-frequency phrases processed faster and with fewer errors.
  • Crucially, phrase frequency did not affect decisions for ungrammatical transposed-word sequences in either auditory or visual modalities.
  • A transposed-word effect was confirmed when comparing transposed sequences to non-transposed controls.

Conclusions:

  • Frequency-sensitive sentence-level constraints, as measured by word sequence frequency, do not modulate the transposed-word effect for ungrammatical sequences.
  • This suggests that other linguistic or cognitive mechanisms are primarily responsible for this effect.
  • The findings challenge the assumption that broad sentence-level frequency information significantly impacts the processing of syntactically deviant transposed words.