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Radiation: Applications01:17

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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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The radiation pressure applied by an electromagnetic wave on a perfectly absorbing surface equals the energy density of the wave. The wave's momentum also gets transferred to the surface when an electromagnetic wave is entirely absorbed by it. The rate at which momentum is transmitted to an absorbing surface perpendicular to the propagation direction equals the force on the surface.
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VD-NeRF: Visibility-Aware Decoupled Neural Radiance Fields for View-Consistent Editing and High-Frequency Relighting.

Tong Wu, Jia-Mu Sun, Yu-Kun Lai

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces VD-NeRF, a novel approach for realistic 3D scene editing and relighting. It effectively decouples appearance from geometry, enabling consistent edits and high-frequency relighting with improved visibility awareness.

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    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Computer Graphics
    • Artificial Intelligence

    Background:

    • Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) excel at novel view synthesis but struggle with scene manipulation due to integrated geometry and appearance encoding.
    • Existing NeRF editing methods often produce view-inconsistent results and have limitations in modeling high-frequency lighting effects.
    • Current lighting representations in NeRFs, such as Spherical Harmonics or low-resolution maps, are insufficient for complex relighting scenarios.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a visibility-aware approach (VD-NeRF) for decoupling view-independent and view-dependent appearance in 3D scenes.
    • To enable consistent appearance editing and high-frequency environmental relighting in NeRFs.
    • To improve the quality of scene decomposition and relighting by incorporating visibility information.

    Main Methods:

    • Reconstruct an explicit mesh from the input scene using a signed distance function.
    • Employ a decoupled NeRF to attach view-independent appearance to the mesh using disentangled features.
    • Utilize a hybrid lighting representation with an explicit learnable environment map and an implicit lighting network for comprehensive relighting.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved view-consistent results after editing scene appearance.
    • Enabled high-frequency environmental relighting by supporting novel environment maps and an implicit lighting network.
    • Demonstrated improved decomposition and relighting quality through visibility awareness.
    • Outperformed previous methods quantitatively and qualitatively in editing and relighting tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • VD-NeRF successfully decouples scene properties for enhanced editability and relighting.
    • The hybrid lighting representation and visibility awareness significantly improve rendering and editing outcomes.
    • The proposed method offers a robust solution for complex 3D scene manipulation and realistic relighting applications.