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Strategies for studying sex differences in brain aging.
Victor A Ansere1, Seung-Soo Kim2, Francesca Marino3
1Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Trends in Genetics : TIG
|March 4, 2025
Summary
Understanding sex differences in brain aging is crucial for brain health. This review explores models and methods to study sex dimorphism in cognitive aging, offering insights into brain health across the lifespan.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Aging Research
- Sex Differences
Background:
- Understanding sex effects on brain health is critical.
- Studying sex differences in aging brains presents experimental challenges.
- Differentiating gonadal hormone and chromosomal effects requires specialized models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review models for studying sex dimorphism in brain and cognitive aging.
- To discuss multi-omic and bioinformatic approaches for analyzing sex differences.
- To provide an overview of tools for advancing research on sex differences in brain aging.
Main Methods:
- Highlighting rodent and other tractable model systems.
- Discussing multi-omic approaches (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics).
- Incorporating bioinformatic analyses of animal and human data.
Main Results:
- Identified key model systems for studying sex differences in aging.
- Demonstrated the utility of multi-omic and bioinformatic tools.
- Provided a comprehensive overview of the current research toolkit.
Conclusions:
- Effective models and advanced analytical methods are available to study sex differences in brain aging.
- These tools facilitate a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying sex dimorphism in cognitive aging.
- Advancing this field is essential for promoting brain health across the lifespan.
