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Abnormal breathing patterns during sleep in diabetes.

S Mondini, C Guilleminault

    Annals of Neurology
    |April 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Diabetic patients, especially type I, often experience abnormal sleep breathing patterns like sleep apnea. Neuropathy in type I diabetes is linked to these sleep breathing issues, not daytime test results.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Pulmonology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder affecting multiple organ systems.
    • Sleep-related breathing disorders are increasingly recognized as a comorbidity in diabetic populations.
    • Autonomic neuropathy is a known complication of diabetes, potentially affecting respiratory control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate sleep-related breathing patterns in patients with type I and type II diabetes.
    • To explore the correlation between daytime medical evaluations (vagal responses, pulmonary function) and sleep breathing abnormalities.
    • To determine the relationship between diabetic neuropathy and sleep-disordered breathing.

    Main Methods:

    • Nocturnal polygraphic monitoring was performed on 19 diabetic patients (12 type I, 7 type II).

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  • Daytime medical evaluations included tests of vagal responses.
  • Pulmonary function, hypercapnic, and hypoxic responses were assessed in a subset of patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Five lean type I diabetic patients exhibited abnormal sleep breathing patterns, including central or obstructive sleep apnea and irregularities during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep.
    • Only one overweight type II diabetic patient had moderate obstructive sleep apnea.
    • No correlation was found between daytime ventilatory study findings and sleep breathing abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Abnormal sleep-related breathing patterns are prevalent in type I diabetic patients.
    • Diabetic neuropathy is significantly associated with sleep breathing abnormalities in type I diabetes.
    • Daytime autonomic function tests did not predict the presence of sleep-disordered breathing in this cohort.