Biogenic Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Biomedical Potential

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Materials Science
• Green Chemistry

Background:

• Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions but often relies on hazardous chemical processes.
• Green synthesis provides an environmentally benign alternative for nanoparticle production.
• Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) have diverse applications but require sustainable synthesis methods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles (FV-NiO NPs) using a green method utilizing Fioria vitifolia extract.
• To characterize the synthesized FV-NiO NPs and evaluate their physicochemical properties.
• To investigate the potential biomedical and environmental applications of FV-NiO NPs.

Main Methods:

• Green synthesis of NiO NPs using Fioria vitifolia extract.
• Characterization using UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and EDAX analyses.
• Evaluation of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumour, and photocatalytic activities.
• Zebrafish embryo assays for biosafety assessment.

Main Results:

• Spherical, well-dispersed FV-NiO NPs (17-168 nm) were successfully synthesized.
• FV-NiO NPs demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against E. coli and E. faecalis.
• Potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumour effects against A549 lung cancer cells were observed.
• High photocatalytic degradation efficiency (88.9%) for Reactive Black 5 dye was achieved.
• Zebrafish assays confirmed dose-dependent toxicity and indicated overall biosafety.

Conclusions:

• Fioria vitifolia mediated green synthesis is an effective method for producing NiO NPs.
• FV-NiO NPs exhibit promising multifunctional properties for biomedical and environmental remediation.
• The biosafety of FV-NiO NPs was supported by zebrafish embryo studies, suggesting their potential for practical applications.