Targeting and engineering biomarkers for prostate cancer therapy

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Biomarker Discovery
• Precision Medicine

Background:

• Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading global cancer in men, facing challenges in early diagnosis and treatment.
• Current prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening has limitations, leading to overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
• Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is standard for advanced PCa, but resistance leading to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is common, with limited salvage options.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review selective prostate-specific biomarkers for predicting clinically relevant PCa.
• To discuss the clinical relevance of biomarker-based tests in PCa patient management.
• To highlight the use of biomarkers as drug targets for precision medicine against CRPC.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on PCa biomarkers.
• Analysis of clinical relevance and diagnostic utility of identified biomarkers.
• Evaluation of biomarkers as therapeutic targets for CRPC.

Main Results:

• Identified several PCa-specific biomarkers with potential for improved risk stratification.
• Highlighted the clinical utility of biomarker-based tests for identifying high-grade PCa.
• Demonstrated the role of specific biomarkers in developing targeted therapies for CRPC.

Conclusions:

• There is an urgent need for novel biomarkers to improve PCa diagnosis and treatment.
• Biomarker-driven approaches are essential for developing precision medicine strategies against PCa.
• Translating biomarker research into clinical practice will enhance personalized therapies for PCa patients.