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Relative Age Effect Among World-Class Jump Athletes.
1Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Journal of Sports Science & Medicine
|March 6, 2025
Summary
The relative age effect (RAE) impacts talent selection in high jump and long jump, with younger athletes showing better performance and transition rates. This bias affects athletes across age groups and genders.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Talent Identification
- Athletic Performance Analysis
Background:
- The relative age effect (RAE) is a recognized bias in sports talent selection.
- It can lead to the neglect of potentially gifted athletes.
- Understanding RAE is crucial for fair athletic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze RAE incidence and athletic performance in top high jump and long jump athletes globally.
- To examine RAE differences across continents.
- To compare performance and age profiles of early vs. late success athletes.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of RAE in top 100 world-ranked high jump and long jump athletes.
- Examination of continental RAE variations.
- Categorization of athletes into 'All-Phase Success' (AS) and 'Senior Success' (SS) groups.
- Comparative analysis of age and performance between AS and SS groups.
Main Results:
- RAE is prevalent in high jump and long jump across most age groups and genders.
- AS athletes are consistently 2-3 years younger than SS athletes at key career stages.
- Younger athletes have higher transition rates, and AS athletes outperform SS athletes despite being fewer in number.
Conclusions:
- RAE significantly influences talent identification and progression in elite jumping events.
- Early-career success is a strong predictor of overall athletic achievement.
- Athletic systems may overlook talented younger athletes due to RAE biases.
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