Complete coding sequence of the Lumpy skin disease virus collected from cattle in Central Java, Indonesia, 2022

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Virology
• Molecular Epidemiology
• Infectious Disease Surveillance

Background:

• Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a significant threat to cattle populations globally.
• The emergence and spread of LSD virus (LSDV) in new regions require continuous genetic monitoring.
• Understanding the genetic relatedness of LSDV strains is crucial for effective disease control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the complete coding sequence of a novel Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) isolate.
• To determine the genetic lineage and phylogenetic relationship of the Indonesian LSDV strain.
• To contribute to the understanding of LSDV epidemiology in Southeast Asia.

Main Methods:

• Isolation and sequencing of the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) from infected cattle.
• Whole-genome sequencing to obtain the complete coding sequence.
• Phylogenetic analysis using nucleotide sequence data to compare with known LSDV strains.

Main Results:

• The complete coding sequence of an LSDV strain isolated in Central Java, Indonesia, in 2022 was successfully determined.
• Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Indonesian LSDV isolate is most closely related to strains within clade 2.5.
• This clade has previously been identified in East and Southeast Asian countries between 2019 and 2021.

Conclusions:

• The genetic characterization of this LSDV strain provides valuable data on its origin and potential introduction pathways.
• The close relationship to clade 2.5 strains highlights the ongoing circulation and potential spread of this LSDV lineage in the region.
• Continued genomic surveillance is essential for monitoring LSDV evolution and informing regional biosecurity measures.