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WS2/Si3N4-Based Biosensor for Low-Concentration Coronavirus Detection.

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Summary

Two optimized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, Sys3 and Sys5, show promise for detecting SARS-CoV-2. Sys5 offers enhanced sensitivity and lower detection limits for early viral identification.

Keywords:
Fresnel equationsSARS-CoV-2TMM approachbiosensorsilicon nitridessDNAsurface plasmon resonancetungsten disulfide

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Infectious Disease Diagnostics

Background:

  • Accurate and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for controlling viral spread.
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors offer label-free detection capabilities.
  • Optimization of SPR sensor configurations is necessary to enhance sensitivity and reduce detection limits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize two SPR biosensor configurations, Sys3 and Sys5, for the detection of SARS-CoV-2.
  • To evaluate the performance metrics including sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, figure of merit, and limit of detection.
  • To assess the diagnostic potential of the optimized biosensors for clinical samples.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of two SPR biosensor designs (Sys3 and Sys5) with varying layer compositions (silver, silicon nitride, ssDNA, tungsten disulfide).
  • Performance evaluation using key metrics such as Figure of Merit (FoM), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Detection Accuracy (DA), sensitivity, and Limit of Detection (LoD).
  • Analysis of sensor performance in relation to the refractive index ranges of clinical SARS-CoV-2 samples.

Main Results:

  • Sys3 achieved a FoM of 571.24 RIU^-1, SNR of 0.12, and DA of 48.93 × 10^-2, with high precision (<1% attenuation).
  • Sys5 demonstrated superior sensitivity (305.33 °/RIU) and a lower LoD (1.65 × 10^-5), crucial for early viral detection.
  • Both optimized configurations align with the refractive index characteristics of clinical SARS-CoV-2 samples.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized SPR biosensors, particularly Sys5, exhibit enhanced sensitivity and lower detection limits for SARS-CoV-2.
  • The developed biosensors show significant potential for accurate and sensitive viral diagnostics.
  • Future research will focus on experimental validation and integration into point-of-care diagnostic platforms.