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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Vessels based on cyclodextrin polymers promote aggregation induced emission.

Estefanía Delgado-Pinar1, Gianluca Utzeri2, Artur J M Valente2

  • 1Molecular Science Institute, Inorganic Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain; CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|March 6, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclodextrin-based polymers enhance solid-state fluorescence for tetraphenylethene (TPE) and tetraphenyl-1,3-cyclopentadiene (TPC). This overcomes aggregation-caused quenching, enabling applications in materials science and beyond.

Keywords:
AIE luminogensHost-guest interactionsNanospongesPolycyclodextrins

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) limits the solid-state fluorescence of many organic luminogens.
  • Tetraphenylethene (TPE) and 1,2,3,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-cyclopentadiene (TPC) are known luminogens susceptible to ACQ.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for enhancing the solid-state fluorescence of TPE and TPC using cyclodextrin-based polymers.
  • To investigate the influence of polymer confinement on luminogen photophysical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of cyclodextrin-based polymers.
  • Incorporation of TPE and TPC into the polymer matrix via controlled solvent transport.
  • Variation of polymer cross-linking ratios.
  • Morphological and photophysical characterization (e.g., fluorescence quantum yield measurements).

Main Results:

  • Achieved high fluorescence quantum yields for TPE (60%) and TPC (81%) in the solid state.
  • Demonstrated effective suppression of aggregation-caused quenching through polymer confinement.
  • Showcased control over material morphology and photophysical properties by adjusting solvent and cross-linking ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclodextrin-based polymers effectively enhance the solid-state fluorescence of luminogens like TPE and TPC.
  • The developed strategy offers a method to create highly luminescent materials without external stimuli.
  • These materials have potential applications in areas requiring robust solid-state luminescence, such as advanced materials and sensors.