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Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
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Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms by which sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors protect

Xinqi Chen1, Mingjie Wang1, Zhaoli Yan2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
|March 6, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors protect kidneys in diabetic kidney disease by enhancing podocyte autophagy and reducing inflammation and apoptosis. Further research into these mechanisms will support their clinical use.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus causes systemic damage, often manifesting as diabetic kidney disease.
  • Podocyte injury is central to the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the renal protective effects of Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors' renoprotective actions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetic kidney disease.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on podocyte autophagy, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduce glucose levels and protect against kidney damage.
  • The primary renal protective effects stem from enhanced podocyte autophagy and inhibited inflammation and apoptosis.
  • Multiple signaling pathways mediate these beneficial effects.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors provides theoretical support for their use.
  • Further exploration can enhance the application of SGLT2 inhibitors in preventing and treating diabetic kidney disease.
Keywords:
ApoptosisAutophagyDiabetic nephropathyInflammationOxidative stressPodocyte injuryPyroptosisSodium-glucose co-transporter protein 2

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