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Updated: May 23, 2025
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Exergaming in Older People Living with HIV Improves Balance, Mobility and Ameliorates Some Aspects of Frailty
Published on: October 6, 2016
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Cognitive function and mortality among persons aging with HIV and injection drug use
Damani A Piggott1, Shruti H Mehta, Leah H Rubin
1Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, MD, USA.
AIDS (London, England)
|March 7, 2025
Summary
Cognitive impairment and frailty predict mortality in people with HIV who inject drugs, independent of other factors. Targeting cognition, frailty, and inflammation may improve aging outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neuroscience
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cognitive impairment and frailty are common in aging populations, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH).
- Limited research addresses cognitive function determinants and the interplay of cognition, frailty, and mortality in people who inject drugs (PWID) with or at risk for HIV.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for improving health outcomes in this vulnerable group.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the determinants of cognitive function in PWID with and without HIV.
- To examine the relationship between cognitive function, frailty, and mortality in this population.
- To explore the association between cognitive function and inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Cognitive assessments and frailty evaluations (Fried criteria) were conducted in the AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) cohort.
- An inflammatory index was derived from IL-6 and soluble TNF-α receptor-1 levels.
- Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze mortality risk.
Main Results:
- Older age and hazardous alcohol use were linked to poorer cognitive function (processing speed, motor, global).
- Reduced cognitive function (processing speed, motor, global) and frailty independently predicted increased mortality.
- Cognitive deficits were associated with heightened inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive impairment is a significant, independent predictor of mortality in PLWH who are PWID, irrespective of frailty or HIV status.
- Interventions addressing cognitive function, frailty, and inflammation may enhance aging outcomes for PLWH and PWID.
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