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Decreased Life Expectancy in Patients with Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
Satish Munigala1,2, Divya S Subramaniam3,4, Dipti P Subramaniam3
1College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, HCOR Office St. Louis, 3545 Lafayette Ave, Salus Center 4th Floor, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA. satish.munigala@slu.edu.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|March 8, 2025
Summary
Patients with acute (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) have a significantly reduced life expectancy and increased mortality risk compared to the general population. Most deaths are due to non-gastrointestinal causes, highlighting the systemic impact of pancreatitis.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Limited population-based data exists on life expectancy and mortality for acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) in the United States.
- Pancreatitis significantly impacts patient survival and necessitates further investigation into mortality rates and causes of death.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the life expectancy, mortality rates, and causes of death in patients diagnosed with AP and CP.
- To compare the outcomes of AP and CP patients with a control group from the general population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Veterans Administration database (1999-2015) to identify AP and CP patients using ICD-9 codes.
- Compared life expectancy (using age at death) and mortality rates between pancreatitis patients and non-pancreatitis controls via Cox-proportional hazards models.
Main Results:
- AP and CP patients exhibited significantly lower life expectancy (69 and 71 years, respectively) compared to controls (81 years).
- The risk of mortality was substantially higher for both AP (aHR 1.61) and CP (aHR 1.64) patients versus controls.
- Leading causes of death in AP and CP patients included circulatory disorders, neoplasms, and respiratory disorders, with over 42% of pancreatitis patients dying during follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Acute and chronic pancreatitis are associated with a decreased lifespan and elevated mortality risk, underscoring their clinical significance.
- While deaths from gastrointestinal disorders were higher, the majority of mortality in AP and CP patients stemmed from non-gastrointestinal causes.
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