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Spectrum of benign intracranial hypertension in children and adolescents

A L Amacher, J D Spence

    Child'S Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed

    Insights

    Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) in children and adolescents often presents without papilledema. Early diagnosis and treatment, including shunting, are crucial for symptom relief and accurate management.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Neurology
    • Neuro-ophthalmology

    Background:

    • Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is a condition affecting children and adolescents.
    • Accurate diagnosis can be challenging, with potential pitfalls even with CT scanning.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent cases of BIH in pediatric patients.
    • To describe the clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges of BIH in children and adolescents.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 23 pediatric cases of BIH.
    • Analysis of clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • BIH occurred in similar proportions of males (11) and females (12).
    • Papilledema was absent in 12 patients, highlighting a diagnostic challenge.
    • Transient visual obscurations were common in patients without papilledema.
    • Lumboperitoneal shunting provided immediate symptom relief in 6 patients with persistent symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • Papilledema is not a prerequisite for diagnosing BIH in children and adolescents.
    • A variety of etiologies exist for BIH in this age group.
    • Accurate diagnosis requires careful consideration of clinical signs beyond papilledema.

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