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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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Dual Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodule: An Unusual Imaging Finding.

Tejasvini Singhal1, Kanhaiyalal Agrawal1, Tara Prasad Tripathy2

  • 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine : IJNM : the Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India
|March 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identified dual autonomously functioning thyroid nodules in a patient with ulcerative colitis presenting with biochemical hyperthyroidism. Thyroid scintigraphy confirmed the presence of two nodules causing the condition.

Keywords:
Autonomously functioning thyroid nodulehyperthyroidismthyroid nodulethyroid scintigraphythyrotoxicosis

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Hyperthyroidism is a condition characterized by overactive thyroid gland.

Observation:

  • A 48-year-old female with ulcerative colitis was incidentally found to have biochemical hyperthyroidism during routine workup.
  • Thyroid scintigraphy was performed to evaluate the hyperthyroidism.

Findings:

  • The 99mTc pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy showed two areas of increased tracer uptake in the right thyroid lobe.
  • Uptake in the rest of the thyroid gland was suppressed.
  • These findings are consistent with dual autonomously functioning thyroid nodules.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering thyroid dysfunction in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules can present incidentally and require further investigation.
  • Accurate diagnosis through scintigraphy is crucial for appropriate management of hyperthyroidism.