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Cognitive improvement after stroke: Prevalence and pattern during the first 3 months
Maede Sadat Etesami1, Jūratė Šaltytė Benth2, Elisabeth Kliem1
1Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Psychology.
Neuropsychology
|March 10, 2025
Summary
Cognitive impairment affects 40% of stroke survivors. This study found 26% of patients showed cognitive improvement within 3 months, identifying patterns of recovery and stability post-stroke.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Neurology
Background:
- Cognitive impairment is common after stroke, affecting an estimated 40% of patients at 3 months.
- Knowledge regarding cognitive improvement patterns post-stroke remains limited.
- Understanding recovery trajectories is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of cognitive improvement within the first 3 months after stroke.
- To identify distinct patterns of cognitive change in the early post-stroke period.
- To explore factors influencing cognitive recovery post-stroke.
Main Methods:
- Neuropsychological testing was administered to 85 patients (aged 40-79) with supratentorial ischemic stroke at 1 week and 3 months.
- Hierarchical cluster analysis identified groups based on changes in cognitive domains (learning, memory, executive function, etc.).
- Predictors of cluster membership were analyzed using t tests and chi-squared tests.
Main Results:
- Two clusters emerged: an 'improvement' cluster (26% of patients) and a 'stable' cluster (74%).
- The improvement cluster showed gains in learning, recall, executive function, attention, and verbal fluency.
- The stable cluster demonstrated minimal change, with a higher proportion of lacunar strokes and females in this group.
Conclusions:
- Approximately 26% of stroke patients exhibit overall cognitive improvement within 3 months.
- Identifying distinct recovery patterns (improvement vs. stability) is essential for future research and clinical management.
- This study provides foundational data on early cognitive recovery dynamics after stroke.
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