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Updated: May 23, 2025

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA recruits cGAS via its histone-binding domain to escape innate immunity
Cyprien Jahan1, Lucie Bonnet-Madin1, Shinichi Machida2
1Institut de Génétique Humaine, Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, CNRS Université de Montpellier-UMR9002, Montpellier 34000, France.
Abstract:
To ensure optimal replication and spread, viruses have evolved countermeasures to evade type 1 IFN-mediated antiviral activity. During the early viral replication cycle steps until uncoating, the HIV-1 core protects viral pathogen associated molecular patterns (viral RNA and reverse transcription products) from recognition by innate immune sensors, including cGAS. However, after capsid uncoating, unintegrated viral DNA (uvDNA) becomes accessible. Here, we show that HIV-1 uses chromatin-mediated cGAS inactivation as a mechanism to protect its uvDNA from innate immune activation.
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