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Navigating a Giant Thyroglossal cyst: A Compelling Case Study.

Pochamallu Byra¹, Bikash Bal¹, Nishant Upadhyay¹

¹Department of Surgical Oncology, Shankus Medicity, Mahesana, Gujarat India.

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|March 12, 2025

Summary

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) are congenital neck masses. This case highlights successful treatment of a large TGDC using the Sistrunk procedure, with no recurrence after three years.

Keywords:

Congenital neck cyst Foramen caecum Sistrunk procedure Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Thyroid

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Surgical Pathology
Embryology

Background:

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) arise from incomplete involution of the thyroglossal duct during embryogenesis.
These congenital neck cysts can present as large masses, causing symptoms like dysphagia and voice changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a case of a large, long-standing thyroglossal duct cyst in an adult male.
To illustrate the efficacy of the Sistrunk procedure in managing complex TGDC cases.

Main Methods:

Clinical diagnosis based on patient history, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and radiographic findings.
Surgical treatment utilizing the Sistrunk procedure, including dissection of the posterior hyoid space.

Main Results:

A 55-year-old male with an 11 x 8.5 cm anterior neck mass diagnosed as TGDC was successfully treated.
The patient experienced no recurrence or post-operative morbidity during a 3-year follow-up period.

Conclusions:

The Sistrunk procedure remains the standard of care for thyroglossal duct cysts.
This case demonstrates the long-term efficacy and safety of the Sistrunk procedure, even for large and long-standing TGDCs.