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Regularized origin ensemble with a beam prior for range verification in particle therapy with Compton-camera data.

Jona Kasprzak1, Jorge Roser1,2, Julius Werner1

  • 1Institute of Medical Engineering, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

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Summary

This study introduces a new method, beam prior Origin Ensemble (BP-OE), to improve range shift detection in particle therapy imaging. BP-OE significantly enhances image quality and accuracy compared to conventional methods.

Keywords:
Gibbs priorbeam priorcompton cameraimage reconstructionorigin ensembleparticle therapyregularization

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Image Reconstruction
  • Particle Therapy

Background:

  • Particle therapy (PT) requires precise range verification to minimize margins and ensure treatment accuracy.
  • Prompt-gamma imaging using Compton cameras (CC) is a promising technique for real-time monitoring during PT.
  • Conventional Origin Ensemble (OE) algorithms for CC image reconstruction suffer from artifacts and noise, limiting their effectiveness in detecting range shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the accuracy of range shift identification in particle therapy using Compton camera imaging.
  • To improve the image quality of reconstructed images from Compton cameras.
  • To develop a regularized Origin Ensemble algorithm incorporating beam a-priori knowledge.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a beam prior using Gibbs' distribution functions to regularize the Origin Ensemble (OE) algorithm, creating the BP-OE method.
  • Conducted Monte Carlo simulations in GATE with therapeutic beams on PMMA targets, introducing range shifts via air layers and simulating realistic bone layers.
  • Evaluated BP-OE against conventional OE using spill-over-ratio (SOR) and distal falloff shift analysis.

Main Results:

  • BP-OE improved range shift estimation accuracy by up to 11% for centered beams and 250% for off-centered beams.
  • Significant reduction in image noise was observed with BP-OE, leading to up to a 96% improvement in spill-over-ratio (SOR).
  • The Gibbs-based regularization framework demonstrated potential for incorporating additional priors like smoothing or edge-preserving functions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed BP-OE method offers superior range shift estimation and image quality compared to conventional OE for Compton camera-based particle therapy monitoring.
  • The developed regularization framework is versatile and can be extended to other imaging modalities like PET or complex multi-beam scenarios.
  • BP-OE represents a significant advancement in ensuring treatment accuracy and safety in particle therapy.