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Navigating nitrogen sustainability with microbiome-associated phenotypes.

Sierra S Raglin1, Angela D Kent1

  • 1Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproduct Innovation, Department of Energy, Urbana, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modern agriculture must reintegrate crop microbiomes and their associated phenotypes (MAPs) to reduce environmental impact. This shift is crucial for sustainable nutrient acquisition and decoupling yields from agrochemical inputs.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Crop microbiomes are vital for plant health, particularly in nutrient provisioning.
  • Conventional agriculture, influenced by Green Revolution practices, overlooked microbiome-associated phenotypes (MAPs).
  • Green Revolution innovations increased yields but disrupted microbially mediated nitrogen cycles, reducing reliance on natural nutrient acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the necessity of incorporating microbiome-associated phenotypes (MAPs) into agricultural breeding and management.
  • To advocate for ecologically informed strategies in modern agriculture.
  • To address the environmental challenges posed by the Green Revolution's legacy.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review and conceptual synthesis of existing research on crop microbiomes and agricultural practices.
  • It analyzes the historical impact of Green Revolution technologies on soil health and nutrient cycling.
  • It proposes a framework for integrating MAPs into future agricultural strategies.

Main Results:

  • Conventional agricultural practices have led to a decline in the functional capacity of crop microbiomes.
  • There is a critical need to re-establish the role of microbiomes for sustainable nitrogen acquisition.
  • Integrating MAPs can help decouple crop yields from excessive agrochemical inputs.

Conclusions:

  • A paradigm shift towards ecologically informed agriculture is necessary to manage crop microbiomes effectively.
  • Mindful management of crop microbiomes is essential for sustainable agriculture in the Anthropocene.
  • Incorporating MAPs into breeding and management decisions can minimize the environmental footprint of agriculture.