Strategy for preparing of glucosinolate derivatives with outstanding functional activities based on myrosinase

Glucosinolates are a class of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites that are widely present in cruciferous vegetables. Degradation products of glucosinolate, glucosinolate derivatives such as sulforaphane, sulforaphene, and iberin, have garnered interest due to their promising functional activities including anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. As a result, these glucosinolate derivatives have substantial implications in the realms of food, medicine, and agriculture. Among the methods for preparing glucosinolate derivatives, enzymatic approach based on myrosinase stands out as a greener and more efficient alternative to chemical synthesis, underscoring the scientific and practical significance of developing myrosinase with high catalytic activity. This paper provides a systematic overview of the origin, catalytic properties, and catalytic mechanism of the key myrosinase applied for glucosinolate derivatives preparation. Meanwhile, the glucosinolate derivatives prepared via myrosinase and their functional activities are also illustrated and discussed. Furthermore, it also anticipates future research directions in myrosinase and glucosinolate derivatives.