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Alcohol Consumption, Risk of Periodontitis and Change of Periodontal Parameters in a Population-Based Cohort Study
Sebastian-Edgar Baumeister1, Janka Schössow2, Gustavo G Nascimento3
1Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Aim:
To investigate the association of alcohol consumption with periodontitis risk and change in periodontal parameters over time.
Methods:
Using data from 1285 participants of two population cohort studies embedded in the Study of Health in Pomerania, we associated baseline average alcohol consumption with incident periodontitis measured after a median follow-up time of 5.0 years, adjusting for confounding and selection bias using multivariable regression and multiple imputation.
Results:
Baseline alcohol intake was prospectively associated with a higher risk of periodontitis (relative risk of 1.08 (95% confidence interval: 1.06, 1.10) and 1.23 (1.17, 1.28) for 30 and 60 g per day (g/day) versus 10 g/day), deeper periodontal pockets, higher clinical attachment levels (CAL) and a higher proportion of sites with probing depths and CAL ≥ 3 mm and ≥ 4 mm.
Conclusions:
Our results support the hypothesis that higher alcohol intake modestly increases the risk of periodontitis. Sensitivity analysis suggested that unmeasured confounding and selection bias could explain the observed association.
