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Antimicrobial-Resistant Infections in Hospitalized Patients.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Antimicrobial resistance remains a significant public health concern in the US. Despite some declines, rates of resistant infections like MRSA and ESCR-EK are substantial, necessitating enhanced reduction strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major public health challenge in the United States.
  • Estimating national rates of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by resistant pathogens is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the national incidence rates of six key resistant pathogens from 2012 to 2022.
  • To track trends in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE), and others over time.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study analyzing inpatient hospitalization data from 2012 to 2022.
  • Utilized data from PINC-AI and Becton Dickinson Insights databases, including clinical cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).
  • Defined community-onset and hospital-onset cases for six specific antimicrobial-resistant pathogens.

Main Results:

  • In 2022, an estimated 569,749 cases of antimicrobial-resistant infections occurred, with rates of 179.6 per 10,000 hospitalizations.
  • MRSA and extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. (ESCR-EK) were the most prevalent pathogens.
  • While some hospital-onset resistant infections declined initially, most increased in 2020-2021; community-onset ESCR-EK increased throughout the study period.

Conclusions:

  • Antimicrobial resistance rates in the US have shown uneven declines between 2012 and 2022, with a substantial ongoing burden.
  • The findings underscore the need for more effective strategies to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.