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    This study demonstrates efficient longwave infrared (LWIR) detection using nonlinear upconversion with a custom ZnGeP2 crystal. The system achieves high responsivity and sub-fJ sensitivity, enabling potential for advanced imaging applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Infrared Technology

    Background:

    • Longwave infrared (LWIR) detection is crucial for various applications, including thermal imaging and spectroscopy.
    • Traditional LWIR detection methods often face limitations in sensitivity, spectral range, or operational temperature.
    • Nonlinear optical upconversion offers a promising route for efficient LWIR detection by converting longer wavelengths to shorter, more easily detectable ones.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel LWIR detection system utilizing nonlinear upconversion.
    • To investigate the performance characteristics, including responsivity and sensitivity, of this new detection configuration.
    • To explore the potential of this technology for wide-field imaging applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Employed a custom-fabricated Zinc Germanium Phosphide (ZnGeP2) crystal for nonlinear upconversion.
    • Utilized a 1.06 μm probe laser to interact with incident LWIR light.
    • Applied coupled-wave equations for theoretical interpretation of experimental results.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved efficient nonlinear upconversion of LWIR light (9.69-12.38 μm) into a near-infrared signal.
    • Demonstrated high optical-to-optical responsivity ranging from 150-200%.
    • Obtained a minimal detectable energy in the sub-fJ (nanosecond pulses) range at room temperature.

    Conclusions:

    • The custom ZnGeP2 crystal enables highly efficient LWIR detection via nonlinear upconversion.
    • The developed system exhibits excellent performance metrics, including broad spectral response and high sensitivity.
    • The technology holds significant potential for advanced imaging, particularly wide-field applications, due to its large acceptance angle with noncritical phase matching.