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Related Concept Videos

Halogenation of Alkenes02:46

Halogenation of Alkenes

15.2K
Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence of inert and non-nucleophilic solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride.
Consider the bromination of cyclopentene. Molecular bromine is polarized in the proximity of the π electrons of cyclopentene. An electrophilic bromine atom adds across the double bond, forming a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate.
15.2K
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

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Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
4.7K
Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene01:14

Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene

2.3K
Electrophilic addition of halogens to alkenes proceeds via a cyclic halonium ion to form a 1,2-dihalide or a vicinal dihalide.
2.3K
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene01:13

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene

5.7K
Bromination and chlorination of aromatic rings by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are easily achieved, but fluorination and iodination are difficult to achieve. Fluorine is so reactive that its reaction with benzene is difficult to control, resulting in poor yields of monofluoroaromatic products. To address this, Selectfluor reagent is used as a fluorine source in which a fluorine atom is bonded to a positively charged nitrogen.
5.7K

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Morphotaxial Halogenation of Solution-Processed Two-Dimensional Indium Selenide.

Brendan P Kerwin1, Jung Hun Lee2, M Iqbal Bakti Utama2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States.

Nano Letters
|March 17, 2025
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Summary

Researchers developed a new morphotaxy method to create ultrathin indium halides from 2D indium selenide. This liquid-phase process retains material dimensions, enabling novel atomically thin non-van der Waals materials.

Keywords:
2D materialschemical conversionhalogenationmorphotaxysolution processing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Synthesis

Background:

  • Morphotaxy enables chemical modification of 2D materials while preserving their dimensions.
  • Current methods primarily use vapor-phase reactions on exfoliated or deposited 2D van der Waals materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a liquid-phase morphotaxy method for synthesizing ultrathin non-van der Waals indium halides.
  • To explore the conversion of solution-processed 2D indium selenide (InSe) into indium iodide (InI2) and indium bromide (InBr2).

Main Methods:

  • Solution-processed 2D InSe films were treated with dilute iodine (I2) and bromine (Br2) solutions.
  • Liquid-phase exfoliation was employed to produce high-surface-area nanosheets.
  • The role of residual polyvinylpyrrolidone in stabilizing flake morphology and moderating reactivity was investigated.

Main Results:

  • Successfully converted 2D InSe into ultrathin InI2 and InBr2, maintaining the original flake dimensions.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of liquid-phase morphotaxy for non-van der Waals materials.
  • Identified polyvinylpyrrolidone as a key stabilizing agent in the process.

Conclusions:

  • This work presents a versatile strategy for producing atomically thin metal halides via liquid-phase morphotaxy.
  • The findings offer mechanistic insights into the morphotaxial halogenation of solution-processed 2D materials.
  • This approach expands the toolkit for synthesizing novel 2D materials.