Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

371
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
371
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

30.9K
Overview
30.9K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

2.3K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.3K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

431
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
431
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

109.9K
Overview
109.9K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

839
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
839

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparative Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Composite Surrogate Markers of Insulin Resistance: A Real-World Study Using METS-IR and SPISE.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Future Therapies for Autoimmune Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

NEJM evidence·2026
Same author

Characteristics of fungaemia caused by Trichosporon species in South-Eastern Europe.

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica·2026
Same author

Mitotane dosage, plasma levels, and anthropometric measurements in pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma.

Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England)·2026
Same author

Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of Two High-Risk <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Clones (ST258-blaKPC-2 and ST11-blaNDM-1) from a Greek Tertiary Hospital.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

EndoCompass Project: Research Roadmap for Adrenal and Cardiovascular Endocrinology.

Hormone research in paediatrics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.7K

Exploring antigenic variation in autoimmune endocrinopathy.

Maria Mavridou1, Simon H Pearce1,2

  • 1Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, BioMedicine West, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Immunology
|March 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variations in self-antigens predispose individuals to specific autoimmune endocrine diseases. Understanding these genetic links is crucial for developing targeted therapies for conditions like type 1 diabetes and thyroid disease.

Keywords:
Addison’s diseaseGraves’ diseaseautoimmune thyroid diseasecentral toleranceimmunogeneticsthymustype 1 diabetes

More Related Videos

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

1.5K
Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies
09:15

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies

Published on: March 23, 2018

15.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.7K
Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

1.5K
Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies
09:15

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies

Published on: March 23, 2018

15.4K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autoimmune disorders arise from immune responses against self-antigens.
  • Genetic variants in immune proteins are linked to autoimmunity.
  • Organ-specific autoimmunity, particularly in endocrine conditions, is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how genetic variations in endocrine-specific antigens influence predisposition to autoimmune endocrine diseases.
  • To highlight the under-researched area of specific target organ autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on genetic polymorphisms in endocrine autoantigens.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which genetic variations affect immune tolerance.
  • Summary of genetic associations with type 1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease, and Addison's disease.

Main Results:

  • Genetic polymorphisms in genes like INS, TSHR, TPO, CYP21A2, and PIT-1 are associated with autoimmune endocrine diseases.
  • Variations in expression, localization, splicing, or post-translational modification of autoantigens can impair tolerance.
  • These genetic factors contribute to the predisposition to specific organ-targeted autoimmunity.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variations in self-antigens play a significant role in the development of specific autoimmune endocrine conditions.
  • Further research into these genetic predispositions is essential for understanding and treating organ-specific autoimmunity.