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Published on: January 26, 2024
Evaluation of Platelet Indices and Inflammation Markers in Preeclampsia
Betül Tokgöz Çakır1, Gizem Aktemur1, Gülşan Karabay1
1Department of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara 06170, Türkiye.
Insights
Platelet indices like platelet distribution width (PDW) can help predict adverse neonatal outcomes in preeclampsia. Lower platelet count (PC) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are observed in severe preeclampsia cases.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Hematology
- Neonatology
Background:
- Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy complication linked to platelet dysfunction and inflammation.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for managing preeclampsia and its impact on newborns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the role of platelet indices and inflammatory markers in preeclampsia.
- To assess their predictive value for adverse neonatal outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Compared platelet indices (PC, PDW, MPV, P-LCR) and inflammatory markers (NLR, MLR, PLR, MPVLR) in 118 preeclampsia patients and 118 controls.
- Analyzed blood samples at the time of diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Severe preeclampsia showed lower platelet count (PC) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
- Both mild and severe preeclampsia groups had higher platelet distribution width (PDW) than controls.
- PDW > 13.15 significantly predicted adverse neonatal outcomes (AUC: 0.633).
Conclusions:
- Platelet count (PC) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are reduced in severe preeclampsia.
- Platelet distribution width (PDW) shows potential as a predictive marker for adverse neonatal outcomes in preeclampsia.
Abstract:
Background: Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication known to be related to the pathophysiology of platelet dysfunction and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of platelet indices and inflammatory markers in preeclampsia and their importance in predicting adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 118 preeclampsia cases (84 with mild preeclampsia and 34 with severe preeclampsia) and 118 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Blood samples obtained at the time of preeclampsia diagnosis were analyzed for platelet indices (platelet count (PC), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet/large cell ratio (P-LCR)) and inflammation indices (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR)). Results: The PC and PLR were lower in the severe preeclampsia group compared to the other groups. The PDW was higher in both mild and severe preeclampsia groups compared to the control group. A PDW value above 13.15 was identified as a significant predictor of composite adverse neonatal outcomes (area under the curve (AUC): 0.633; sensitivity: 60.9%; specificity: 58%). Conclusions: PC and PLR decrease in severe preeclampsia. This study highlights the potential of PDW as a marker for predicting adverse neonatal outcomes in preeclampsia.
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