Cone Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation and Proposal of a Functional Radiographic Classification of the Coronoid...

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Radiology
• Anatomy

Background:

• Investigating cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) features of the coronoid process in patients with normal mouth opening.
• Establishing a functional classification of the coronoid process based on its anatomical relationship with the zygomatic bone.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze CBCT characteristics of the coronoid process.
• To develop a novel radiographic classification for the coronoid process.
• To explore the correlation between coronoid process morphology and mandibular movement limitations.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of CBCT scans from 408 coronoid processes.
• Evaluation of volume rendered and axial images for shape, surface, length, and ratios.
• Measurement of coronoid process distance to the zygoma and its vertical level.

Main Results:

• Triangular shape was most common; mean coronoid process length was 13.85 mm.
• Mean coronoid/condyle ratio was 0.84, with 85 hyperplastic cases (ratio >1).
• A new classification (Types I-IV) was developed, with Type IIIa being most prevalent (45.83%).

Conclusions:

• Coronoid process vertical extension and zygomatic bone proximity are crucial for mandibular movement.
• The developed classification system provides a framework for understanding coronoid process morphology.
• CBCT is effective in assessing coronoid process anatomy and its potential impact on jaw function.