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Two-Dimensional DOA Estimation for Coprime Planar Arrays: From Array Structure Design to Dimensionality-Reduction

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Summary

This study introduces a new Complementary Coprime Planar Array (CCPA) and an efficient algorithm for two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (2D-DOA) estimation. The CCPA design and root MUSIC algorithm improve accuracy and reduce computational load for 2D-DOA systems.

Keywords:
2-D DOA estimationarray signal processingcoprime planar arraydegrees of freedom (DOFs)sparse array design

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Area of Science:

  • Signal Processing
  • Array Signal Processing
  • Electromagnetics

Background:

  • Accurate two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (2D-DOA) estimation is crucial for various applications.
  • Traditional methods often require complex arrays or suffer from high computational costs.
  • Sparse arrays offer a potential solution but require careful design to maximize performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel sparse array design, the Complementary Coprime Planar Array (CCPA), for enhanced 2D-DOA estimation.
  • To develop an efficient dimensionality-reduction root MUSIC algorithm tailored for the CCPA.
  • To improve the Degrees of Freedom (DOFs) and spatial coverage while reducing computational complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a CCPA by analyzing coprime array hole distribution and adding supplementary elements.
  • Virtualization of the array to increase DOFs and virtual aperture.
  • Developed a dimensionality-reduction root MUSIC algorithm by decomposing 2D spectral search into 1D root-finding problems.

Main Results:

  • The CCPA design enhances continuous DOFs and virtual aperture with fewer physical elements.
  • The proposed algorithm significantly reduces computational complexity for 2D-DOA estimation.
  • Simulations show superior estimation performance, higher DOFs, and reduced complexity compared to existing methods.

Conclusions:

  • The CCPA offers an effective sparse array design for improved 2D-DOA estimation.
  • The dimensionality-reduction root MUSIC algorithm provides a computationally efficient and accurate solution.
  • The combined framework advances sparse array design and signal processing for 2D-DOA applications.