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Related Concept Videos

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
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Visible-Light Photocatalysis for Sustainable Chromene Synthesis and Functionalization.

Paula Pérez-Ramos1, Georgia Biniari2, Raquel G Soengas1

  • 1Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica Enrique Moles, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo, 33006, Spain.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Visible-light photoredox catalysis offers efficient and sustainable methods for synthesizing biologically significant chromene derivatives. This review highlights recent advances in these green chemistry approaches for chromene synthesis and reactivity.

Keywords:
chromeneschromenonesgreen chemistryphotocatalysisvisible‐light

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Chromenes are vital heterocyclic compounds found in pharmaceuticals and natural products.
  • Efficient synthesis of chromene derivatives is crucial for drug discovery and development.
  • Photoredox catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool in modern organic synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in visible-light-mediated synthesis of chromene derivatives.
  • To discuss the photochemical reactivity of chromene frameworks.
  • To highlight the role of photoredox catalysis in green chemistry for chromene synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on visible-light-promoted synthesis of chromenes.
  • Analysis of photochemical transformations involving chromene scaffolds.
  • Focus on methodologies utilizing photoredox catalysis.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in developing efficient visible-light-driven routes to diverse chromene structures.
  • Photoredox catalysis enables novel functionalization strategies for chromenes.
  • These methods offer sustainable alternatives to traditional synthetic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Visible-light photoredox catalysis is a transformative technology for chromene synthesis.
  • Integration of light-mediated reactions provides greener and more efficient pathways.
  • Further exploration of photochemical reactivity will unlock new applications for chromenes.