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Constructing educational content for neonatal palliative care: A Delphi method and needs analysis
1University of Maryland school of Nursing, 655 W. Lombard St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Insights
This study identifies essential neonatal palliative care topics for nurses, focusing on family involvement and long-term needs beyond end-of-life care. It provides a framework to improve nursing education and enhance care for high-risk newborns and their families.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal intensive care nursing
- Palliative care education
- Evidence-based practice
Background:
- Neonatal palliative care is crucial for high-risk newborns facing mortality risks.
- Current neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurse education often lacks focus on family involvement and long-term care needs.
- Gaps exist in prioritizing comprehensive palliative care education for NICU nurses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and prioritize educational content for neonatal palliative care tailored to NICU nurses.
- To address deficiencies in existing curricula and promote family-centered, evidence-based practices.
- To enhance the competency of nurses in providing holistic palliative care.
Main Methods:
- A three-round Delphi survey identified key educational topics.
- A cross-sectional online survey assessed nurses' perceived performance and importance of topics.
- 148 NICU nurses in South Korea participated; needs were analyzed using established models.
Main Results:
- Identified 66 educational topics across five domains: Physiological care, Family-centered care, Continuity of care, Nursing professional development, and Multidisciplinary team approach.
- High-priority areas include balancing critical and palliative care, stress management, and ethical challenges.
- Emphasized family-centered care throughout the NICU stay and continuity of care post-discharge, including rehabilitation and bereavement support.
Conclusions:
- Developed a robust framework for evidence-based neonatal palliative care educational programs.
- Findings address contemporary issues and promote long-term, holistic approaches to care.
- Contributes to advancing family-centered care and enhancing global nursing competencies in neonatal palliative care.
Background:
High-risk newborns face significant mortality risks and potential for recovery, making neonatal palliative care essential. However, existing neonatal palliative care education for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses often prioritizes end-of-life care and overlooks family involvement and long-term management needs.
Aim:
To develop and prioritize neonatal palliative care educational content tailored for NICU nurses, addressing gaps in current curricula and supporting family-centered, evidence-based practice.
Methods:
A three-round Delphi survey was conducted to identify key educational topics for neonatal palliative care, followed by a cross-sectional online survey to assess NICU nurses' perceived performance and importance for each topic. Participants included 148 NICU nurses from tertiary hospitals in South Korea with over six months of experience, excluding those with administrative roles. Educational needs were analyzed using the Locus for Focus model, Borich needs analysis, and Importance-Performance Analysis.
Results:
This study identified 66 educational topics grouped into five domains: "Physiological care," "Family-centered care," "Continuity of care," "Nursing professional development," and "Multidisciplinary team approach." High-priority topics included balancing critical and palliative care, managing stress, and navigating ethical challenges. Family-centered care was emphasized throughout the NICU stay, emphasizing family involvement in care, guidance on growth and development, and addressing social challenges. Continuity of care post-discharge was also highlighted, particularly rehabilitation, bereavement support, and community health resources.
Conclusion:
This study offers a robust framework for developing evidence-based neonatal palliative care educational programs. By addressing contemporary issues and emphasizing long-term, holistic approaches, these findings contribute to advancing family-centered care and enhancing nursing competencies globally.
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