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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview01:21

Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview

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When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
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Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors01:19

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Drug distribution in the human body is a complex process influenced by various individual factors, including age, pregnancy, obesity, diet, body water composition, pH levels, and specific disease conditions.
Age plays a significant role due to differences in body composition among different age groups. Infants, for instance, have a higher proportion of total body water and lower albumin levels, a protein that binds drugs in the bloodstream. This unique composition in infants enhances the...
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Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

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The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
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Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data01:12

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Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
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Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview01:15

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A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
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Factors Affecting Drug Biotransformation: Biological01:19

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Biological factors significantly impact drug metabolism, influencing drug clearance, efficacy, and potential toxicity.
Species differences: Variations in enzyme systems across species can cause disparities in drug metabolism. For instance, humans may metabolize certain drugs faster than rodents, altering therapeutic effects.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Preclinical Model of Prenatal Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure to Assess Its Impact on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
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Maternal Demographic Patterns in Medication use During Pregnancy: A Nationwide Register Study.

Mette Østergaard Thunbo1,2, Julie Hauer Vendelbo1, Daniel R Witte3,4

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
|March 19, 2025
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Summary

Medication use during pregnancy is common, with over 60% of women filling prescriptions. Higher usage is linked to older maternal age, obesity, smoking, and certain ethnic groups, indicating a need for personalized prenatal care.

Keywords:
demographicsmultiple medicationspregnancyprescription drugs

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Medication use during pregnancy has risen, but its relationship with maternal demographics is not fully understood.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for optimizing prenatal care and medication management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between maternal characteristics (age, BMI, smoking, parity, ethnicity, employment) and medication use during pregnancy.
  • To identify demographic subgroups with higher medication usage patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Nationwide Danish registry study of 698,447 pregnancies (2008-2018).
  • Medication use assessed via prescription redemptions.
  • Analysis stratified by maternal age, pre-gestational body mass index (BMI), smoking status, parity, ethnic origin, and employment status.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 60.3% of pregnant women redeemed at least one prescription, and 28.9% redeemed multiple medications.
  • Higher medication use was observed in women aged 35+, with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², smokers, multiparous women, Black women, and early retirees.
  • Distinct medication combination patterns were identified across demographic subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • Significant variations in medication use exist among different demographic groups during pregnancy.
  • Findings emphasize the necessity for tailored healthcare strategies to address the diverse needs of pregnant women regarding medication use.