Decoding the impact of negative physical self-perception on inhibitory control ability from theta and beta rhythms

Previous studies have found inhibitory control differences between obese individuals and those of normal weight. However, some normal-weight individuals with high negative physical self-perception on the fatness subscale show restrictive eating behaviors and attentional bias toward high-calorie food, potentially influencing these differences. We collected behavioral and electroencephalography data using a novel inhibitory control task. Results showed that individuals with high negative physical self-perception on the fatness subscale exhibited significantly greater restraint eating behavior compared to controls. Both theta and beta power differed between groups, with higher theta power in the high negative physical self-perception on the fatness subscale group than in the obese group and more negative beta power in the high negative physical self-perception on the fatness subscale group compared to both other groups. Theta power was greater in no-go than go conditions, while beta power was more negative in response to high-calorie versus low-calorie food stimuli. Importantly, theta power successfully decoded go/no-go conditions across all groups using multivariate pattern analysis, while beta power distinguished these conditions only in the negative physical self-perception on the fatness subscale and control groups. These findings suggest that theta and beta power, along with multivariate pattern analysis, can reliably distinguish inhibitory control ability among the three groups, highlighting the importance of considering negative physical self-perception on the fatness subscale when assessing inhibitory control differences between normal-weight and obese individuals.