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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...

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Researchers used DNA origami to create chiral, rhombohedral crystals. These DNA-based structures were then transformed into chiral plasmonic metamaterials with tunable optical properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Periodic lattices of high refractive index materials exhibit unique optical properties like photonic band gaps and chiral active matter.
  • Crystal lattice parameters (unit cell, lattice type, periodicity) are crucial for these properties.
  • Self-assembled materials derive lattice properties from the constituent macromolecules or colloidal particles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To leverage DNA origami for precise control over macromolecular assembly and crystal structure.
  • To create novel chiral plasmonic metamaterials with tunable optical activity.
  • To investigate the assembly of chiral, rhombohedral crystals in 1D, 2D, and 3D using DNA origami.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DNA origami tensegrity triangles as building blocks for crystal assembly.
  • Fabricated chiral, rhombohedral lattices in one, two, and three dimensions.
  • Modified the DNA lattices with gold nanorods to create plasmonic metamaterials.

Main Results:

  • Successfully assembled chiral, rhombohedral crystals using DNA origami tensegrity triangles.
  • Demonstrated the conversion of these lattices into chiral plasmonic metamaterials.
  • Observed activity in the visible and near-infrared spectral range, confirming chiral activity through experiments and simulations.

Conclusions:

  • DNA origami provides precise control for constructing complex chiral photonic and plasmonic materials.
  • The developed method enables the creation of tunable chiral metamaterials with potential applications in optics and photonics.
  • Experimental and simulated results validate the chiral activity of the gold nanorod-decorated DNA origami lattices.