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Biological characterization of FPV, Ulster 73, replicative cycle
Abstract:
The replication of an avian influenza A, Fowl plague virus (FPV), Ulster 73 strain, was studied in chick embryo fibroblasts, assumed to be the natural host, and in cells of different origin such as LLC-MK2, Hep-2, Vero, KB and Mc Coy. In the natural host, FPV shows a characteristic pattern of polypeptide synthesis suggesting a transcriptional and/or translational mediated control mechanism, specific for this strain of influenza A. FPV was able to give a productive infection in all the above mentioned cells releasing mature viral particles. This behaviour is very interesting if one compares FPV, Ulster strain to FPV, Rostock strain. These viruses, belonging to the same antigenic subtype (H7 N1 group) recognize the same cellular determinants but Rostock strain undergoes an abortive replication whereas Ulster strain gives productive infection in all cellular lines tested. These observations lead to postulate a viral genetic mechanism controlling host range both at early and late steps in infection. This genetic mechanism controls the interaction between viral and cell molecules affecting synthesis of virus specific polypeptides.
Insights
Avian influenza A (FPV) Ulster 73 strain replicates productively in various cell types, unlike the Rostock strain. A viral genetic mechanism likely controls FPV host range and polypeptide synthesis.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Avian influenza A viruses (FPV) are significant pathogens.
- Understanding FPV replication mechanisms is crucial for disease control.
- Different FPV strains exhibit varying host cell tropism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the replication pattern of FPV Ulster 73 strain.
- To compare the replication of FPV Ulster 73 with FPV Rostock strain.
- To elucidate the genetic basis of FPV host range determination.
Main Methods:
- Replication studies in chick embryo fibroblasts and various cell lines (LLC-MK2, Hep-2, Vero, KB, Mc Coy).
- Analysis of viral polypeptide synthesis patterns.
- Comparative analysis of FPV Ulster 73 and FPV Rostock replication.
Main Results:
- FPV Ulster 73 demonstrated productive replication in all tested cell lines, including the natural host.
- A characteristic polypeptide synthesis pattern in the natural host suggests strain-specific transcriptional/translational control.
- FPV Ulster 73 exhibited productive replication, whereas FPV Rostock showed abortive replication despite recognizing similar cellular determinants.
Conclusions:
- A viral genetic mechanism controls FPV host range at early and late infection stages.
- This mechanism influences viral-cell molecule interactions, affecting virus-specific polypeptide synthesis.
- FPV Ulster 73 possesses a unique genetic trait enabling broad host cell permissiveness.