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[Urolithiasis in childhood].

K H Bichler, W L Strohmaier, S Korn

    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Kinderheilkunde
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Urinary stone formation in children shares similarities with adults but is significantly influenced by recurrent infections and urinary tract malformations. Early diagnosis and tailored metaphylaxis are crucial for reducing recurrence rates in pediatric patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Nephrology
    • Urology
    • Metabolic Disorders

    Context:

    • Urinary stone incidence in children is 3-5% globally, but higher in underdeveloped countries (approx. 30%).
    • Diagnosis often occurs by school age, with a shift towards upper urinary tract stones and increased oxalate-containing stones.
    • Recurrence rates for pediatric urinary calculi range from 15-25%.

    Purpose:

    • To analyze the specific factors relevant to urinary stone formation in children.
    • To discuss diagnostic approaches, including identifying malformations and metabolic disturbances.
    • To present modern treatment modalities and the importance of metaphylaxis.

    Summary:

    • Pediatric urinary calculi share formation principles with adults, but recurrent urinary tract infections and congenital malformations are key factors.
    • Diagnostic evaluation must focus on urinary tract abnormalities and metabolic issues to guide effective metaphylaxis.
    • Modern treatments like extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and ureterorenoscopy are effective, but metaphylaxis is vital for preventing recurrence.

    Impact:

    • Highlights the importance of early and comprehensive diagnosis in pediatric urolithiasis.
    • Emphasizes the role of tailored metaphylaxis in reducing long-term stone recurrence.
    • Provides insights into current therapeutic strategies for pediatric urinary stones.

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