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Updated: May 23, 2025
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Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice
Published on: September 13, 2024
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Genetic polymorphisms on temporomandibular disorders: Network meta-analysis.
Daniel Augusto de Faria Almeida1, Camila Freire Brant2, Letícia da Costa Siqueira3
1School of Dentistry, Alfenas Federal University (Unifal-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia - UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Archives of Oral Biology
|March 19, 2025
Summary
Genetic polymorphisms in neurotransmission, inflammatory, and sex hormone genes are risk factors for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). The COMT_rs165774 polymorphism shows a protective effect against myalgia and arthralgia.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) encompass a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles.
- The etiology of TMDs is multifactorial, involving genetic, environmental, and psychosocial factors.
- Understanding the genetic predisposition to TMDs is crucial for developing targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing the effects of various genetic polymorphisms on TMD susceptibility.
- To rank the identified genetic polymorphisms based on their association with different TMD subtypes.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and NMA were conducted following PROSPERO registration (CRD42024507886).
- Electronic searches were performed across five databases for relevant studies published up to November 2024.
- Sixty-three studies were included in the systematic review, with 7 contributing to the NMA.
Main Results:
- The qualitative analysis identified 120 genes and 206 polymorphisms associated with TMDs.
- Thirty-two polymorphisms in 24 genes were linked to overall TMDs, and 22 polymorphisms in 22 genes to degenerative TMJ changes.
- The COMT_rs165774 polymorphism demonstrated a protective effect against myalgia (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.14-0.76) and arthralgia (93% probability), with other polymorphisms identified in genes related to neurotransmission, inflammation, sex hormones, oxidative stress, and bone metabolism.
Conclusions:
- Genetic polymorphisms in genes regulating neurotransmission, inflammatory response, and sex hormones appear to be significant risk factors in TMD pathogenesis.
- Specific polymorphisms, such as COMT_rs165774, may offer protective effects against certain TMD symptoms like myalgia and arthralgia.
- Further research into the genetic underpinnings of TMDs can inform personalized medicine approaches.
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