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Obesity Management for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure

Akheel A Syed1, Safwaan Adam2, Christopher A Miller3

  • 1Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK.

Heart Failure Clinics
|March 19, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Obesity worsens heart disease through direct effects and risk factors like diabetes and hypertension. Weight loss interventions, including medications and bariatric surgery, are crucial for managing obesity-related heart conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Obesity is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, contributing to conditions like hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes.
  • Adverse pathophysiological changes in obesity directly impact heart function, leading to conditions such as obesity-related cardiomyopathy.
  • Convergent risk factors associated with obesity exacerbate its detrimental effects on cardiovascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causal links between obesity and heart disease.
  • To discuss the role of weight reduction interventions in managing obesity-related cardiomyopathy.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of antiobesity medications and bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Analysis of current evidence on weight reduction strategies for obesity-related heart disease.
  • Evaluation of pharmacological and surgical interventions for obesity and heart failure.

Main Results:

  • Obesity directly and indirectly contributes to heart disease development and progression.
  • Weight reduction is a key therapeutic strategy for obesity-related cardiomyopathy.
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists show promise in treating obesity and heart failure.
  • Bariatric surgery is a viable option for severe obesity with coronary artery disease and heart failure, requiring careful management.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of obesity is essential for preventing and treating heart disease.
  • Pharmacological and surgical interventions offer important treatment avenues for patients with obesity and heart failure.
  • Personalized patient selection and comprehensive management are critical for successful bariatric surgery outcomes in cardiac patients.

Keywords:
Bariatric surgeryBody weightCardiac failureCoronary atherosclerosisGlucagon-like peptide 1Sodium-glucose transporter 2

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