A Simplified Approach to Evaluate and Manage Shoulder Pain

With the lifetime prevalence of shoulder pain approaching 70%, accurate diagnosis and management remains essential. The shoulder is a complex joint with a vast range of motion making it susceptible to injury due to limited bony stabilization. This manuscript shares a simplified, novel approach to evaluating and managing atraumatic shoulder pain based on triaging symptoms on presence or loss of range of motion. In patients with loss of active and passive range of motion, the likely etiologies of pain include adhesive capsulitis or glenohumeral joint arthritis depending on imaging. In patients with preserved active and passive range of motion, implementing specific special testing can help pinpoint the diagnosis, and further guide appropriate management. Ultrasound plays an increasingly key role in diagnosing and managing shoulder pathology.