Gut microbiota in melanoma: Effects and pathogeneses

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Microbiology

Background:

• The gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms, profoundly impacts host health.
• Emerging evidence links gut microbiota composition to melanoma development, progression, and treatment response.
• The precise mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences melanoma pathogenesis are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review the role of gut microbiota in melanoma.
• To explore the potential of gut microbiota as a prognostic biomarker for melanoma.
• To elucidate the pathways through which gut microbiota affects melanoma.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating the gut microbiota and melanoma.
• Analysis of research on gut microbiota's influence on immunity, aging, and endocrine factors in melanoma.
• Synthesis of current knowledge on gut microbiota's impact on melanoma tumorigenesis, growth, metastasis, and treatment.

Main Results:

• Gut microbiota composition is correlated with melanoma development, treatment response, and prognosis.
• Gut microbiota influences melanoma through modulation of innate and adaptive immunity.
• Key influencing routes include immunity, aging, and the endocrine system, impacting anti-tumor immune regulation.

Conclusions:

• Gut microbiota plays a significant role in anti-tumor immunity, affecting melanoma growth and metastasis.
• Gut microbiota holds promise as a prognostic marker for melanoma patients.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interactions and therapeutic potential.